Breast cancer remains one of the most common cancers detected in women around the world. While advancements in medical science offer effective breast cancer treatments, early detection through proactive screening is considered to be an effective weapon in the fight against the disease. This blog explores the importance of breast cancer screening and early detection, types of breast cancer screening tests, and what to expect during a screening test.
Importance of Early Detection
Breast cancer screening helps identify the disease before it starts showing symptoms. Early detection through breast cancer screening is significant as it offers a multitude of benefits:
● Improved survival rates
There is a correlation between early diagnosis of breast cancer and improved survival rates. Various studies have suggested that women engaging in regular breast cancer screenings may have a higher survival rate compared to those who don’t. Early intervention may allow for prompt initiation of appropriate treatments, improving the chances of successful outcomes.
● More treatment options
Early detection of breast cancer significantly broadens the spectrum of available breast cancer treatments. When breast cancer is identified in its initial stages, there is an opportunity to explore a variety of treatments including less invasive options, such as lumpectomies or targeted therapies. It minimises the need for extensive surgeries or aggressive treatments.
● Reduced treatment intensity
Detecting breast cancer in its early stages may reduce the necessity for prolonged treatments. Individuals may be spared from the physical and emotional toll associated with aggressive breast cancer treatment such as chemotherapy and surgeries. It contributes to a quick recovery and enhances the overall well-being of the patient.
● Preservation of breast health
Early detection through breast cancer screening may enable doctors to adopt strategies that preserve the overall breast health. With less extensive interventions required, there may be a higher likelihood of maintaining the natural appearance and function of the breast, which plays a big role in the emotional and psychological well-being of individuals undergoing breast cancer treatment.
● Long-Term survivorship
Breast cancer diagnosis at an early stage through screenings may lay the foundation for long-term survivorship. Individuals diagnosed at an early stage of breast cancer often go on to lead healthy, fulfilling lives post-treatment. Regular follow-up care and survivorship programs contribute to ongoing well-being and a positive outlook on the future.
● Lower healthcare bills
Regular breast cancer screening may also result in comparatively lower healthcare bills. By detecting breast cancer in its early stages, the financial burden associated with extensive treatments and long-term care may be reduced. Preventing the progression to advanced stages, in a sense, effectively reduces breast cancer treatment bills.
● Enhanced quality of life
Early detection contributes to an improved overall quality of life for those facing a breast cancer diagnosis. Swift intervention and targeted treatments result in fewer disruptions to daily activities, allowing individuals to maintain a sense of normalcy during their cancer journey. This holistic approach, too, positively impacts physical health and mental and emotional well-being.
● Positive community and family impact
Breast cancer screening and early detection doesn’t only benefit the individual; it also has a positive impact on families and communities. Timely interventions reduce the physical and emotional strain on support networks, enabling loved ones to participate in the caregiving without the heightened urgency associated with advanced-stage cancer.
Types of Breast Cancer Screening
Now that we are aware of the immediate and associated benefits of regular breast cancer screenings and the early diagnosis of the disease, let’s understand breast cancer screenings available worldwide.
● Mammography
Mammography stands as the cornerstone in early breast cancer screening due to its widespread availability and proven effectiveness. This X-ray imaging technique captures detailed images of breast tissue, detecting abnormalities such as tumours or cysts. This breast cancer screening test is also known by the name mammogram. It carries some risk for false-negative results.
● 3D Mammography (Tomosynthesis)
Three-dimensional mammography, or tomosynthesis, offers a more detailed view of breast tissue by capturing multiple images from various angles. This advancement reduces the likelihood of false positives and enhances the accuracy of detecting small abnormalities in dense breasts, contributing to a more precise diagnosis. There is, however, a concern related to the test leading to overdiagnosis for cancers that might resolve on their own.
Although clinical breast exam and self screening are not considered significant in breast cancer screening, they may help in early detection for some women.
● Clinical Breast Exam (CBE)
A clinical breast exam involves a hands-on examination by doctors during routine check-ups. By palpating the breasts and underarm areas, practitioners may be able identify any irregularities such as lumps, which might indicate the necessity for mammography and a possible early detection of breast cancer.
● Breast Self-Exams
Self-exams involve a regular and systematic inspection of one’s own breasts. While not a standalone screening tool, breast self-exams foster awareness and prompt individuals to report any changes to their physicians, possibly contributing to early diagnosis of breast cancers.
While mammography is the best tool for early diagnosis of breast cancer, there are other tools used by doctors in some cases for additional information about the disease:
● MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a valuable screening tool for women at a very high risk, family history, or inherited genes for breast cancer, offering detailed cross-sectional images of breast tissue. It is a highly sensitive test that might show abnormal results, which is why it is often paired with mammograms crucial for detecting cancers.
● Ultrasound
Ultrasound, using high-frequency sound waves, generates images of breast tissue. It is usually employed as a complementary tool following mammography when further investigation is needed and not as a standalone test due to its high false positive rate. Ultrasound aids in distinguishing between solid masses and fluid-filled cysts, providing additional information for a comprehensive assessment.
● Genetic testing
While not a screening test per say, for individuals with a family history of breast cancer or identified genetic mutations like BRCA1 or BRCA2, genetic testing can act as a useful diagnostic test. It might help women understand the risk of developing hereditary breast cancer, enabling tailored preventive measures and intensified surveillance under a doctor’s guidance.
While there are no specific breast cancer screening guidelines in India, some reputed medical institutions recommend yearly mammography for women between the ages 45-54. For women over 50, a mammography every two years, till their health allows, is advised. Individuals should discuss the benefits, risks, and timing for breast cancer screening for their unique circummstances with their doctors.
What to Expect During a Breast Cancer Screening Test
Mammography is the most relieable screening method, so let’s walk through what you can expect during the procedure:
- Before the test: Inform your breast cancer doctors about any breast concerns, family history of breast cancer, or current medications.
- During the test: You will stand in front of the mammogram machine, and each breast will be flattened between plates for a few seconds to capture different images. The compression might feel uncomfortable, but it’s necessary for clear pictures.
- After the test: The images will be analysed by a radiologist, and you will receive the results within a few days.
It is normal to feel uncomfortable during a breast cancer screening, with some women reporting the test painful. The test depends on the size of your breasts, the technician’s skill as well as the demands of the test. If you experience any significant discomfort during any test, communicate it to your healthcare professional immediately.
Conclusion
By understanding the types of breast cancer screening, the substantial benefits of early detection, and what to expect during a screening test, you can make informed decisions about your health and well-being. Take charge of your health and schedule a consultation at one of the best breast cancer hospitals in india.
Disclaimer:
This article has been written for information purposes only, and is not a substitute for professional medical advice by a qualified doctor or other health care professional. The author is not responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, for any form of damages whatsoever resulting from the use (or misuse) of information contained in or implied by the information in this article. Always consult a qualified healthcare provider for accurate diagnosis, personalised treatment, and recommendations tailored to your individual health needs.
